China is currently the most superior country on the globe with approximately over a billion people. China boasts a diverse economy and significant technology and innovations that enhance their industries. The country’s expansive growth can be traced back to its revolutionary movements against the foreign invasions which led to self-independence and election of radical leaders (Wang 2). China’s fifty years since 1900 to 1949 was characterized by a constant uprising, civil wars, and foreign incursions that brought transformation and developments in the nation. These comprised of a change in the empire (Qing) to a nation-state system of ruling, the evolution of Chinese nationalism, reinstatement of China’s tariff sovereignty, and eradication of the extraterritoriality. Additionally, the three critical revolts in China’s history were; the 1911 rebellion, the 1920 nationalist mutiny, and the communist insurgency (Yang 1). Therefore, this paper precisely discusses China’s revolution from 1900 to 1949 and my stand on the revolution.
Preview of China’s Revolutions from 1900-1949
China’s rebellion movements varied from each other based on its nature, purpose, form, effect, and results with every revolt succeeding in transforming the sovereignty of the country. The general course of the three uprisings proved a rise in the level of popular involvement, social impacts, and violence. The core objective of the 1911 insurgency was to overthrow the Qing monarch system of ruling and to transfer power and influence to the natives (Yang 1). The Qing mode of governing was hereditary in which members of the dynasty claimed a divine right to administer the empire. However, the vast size of the country and its diversity reduced the political capability of the Qing to have control of the whole nation. The 1911 uprising accomplished its mission of replacing the dynastic reign with a republican gorvenment through the help of the western model of constitutionalism and democracy (Dirlik and Roxann 215).The revolt failed to agitate for the communal challenges experienced by the masses at the time thereby, leading to minimal participation and insignificant level of violence.
The 1920’s nationalist movement was stimulated by the social philosophies and the Russian rebellion both of which had their roots in the western nations. The principal objective of this revolt was to eradicate the unequal agreements, attain self-independence, abolish warlord style of governance, and promote national cohesion (Yang 1).The revolution primarily involved intellectuals and individuals in the middle level of the society. Compared to the 1911 uprising, the nationalist upheaval had a considerable number of participants thereby inducing a substantial impact on its outcome.The communist insurgency focused its agitation on societal transformation and enhancing the living standards of the poor populace (Yang 1). Therefore, the amalgamation of the nationalist and communist unrest led to a greater partaking in the whole communal strata, thus, producing a significant degree of energy and destruction.
My Position on the Revolution
The Cultural Revolution experienced in China between 1900 and 1949 was marked by different objectives that led to China being one of the most developed nations globally. As such, I concur with the reformist ideas of self-freedom and sovereignty in the country. For instance, the 1911 political rebellion helped to change the principles of legitimacy by eradicating the dynastic system of ruling to a people-centered government (Dirlik and Roxann 217).The technique allowed the natives to have a democraticgovernance that rotates among individuals elected by the inhabitants. Consequently, the progressive retreat of a centralized imperial supremacy during the nationalist revolution influenced the growth of a quasi-political organization led by the business intellects. These commercial entities enhanced integrity in the settlement of government bonds and provided an alternative method of commitment to property rights. Moreover, the syndicates were linked to the western imperialism and honors and later bought by the Chinese dealers; hence, offering a ground for the creation of current Chinese banks (Ma 3). The communist movement constituted a foundation for equitable distribution of resources among all individuals in the societal strata thereby improving the living conditions of the citizens.
China’s expansive growth can be traced back to its revolutionary movements against the foreign invasions leading to self-independence and election of radical leaders. The three critical revolts in Chinese history include the 1911 rebellion, the 1920 nationalist revolution, and the communist insurgency. The core objective of the 1911 insurgency was to overthrow the Qing monarch system of ruling and to deliver power and influence to the locals.The principal objective of the nationalist and communist uprising was to eradicate the unequal agreements, attain self-independence, abolish warlord form of governance, and promote national cohesion.The revolution was effective for the country as it promoted development and equity. For instance, the technique allowed the natives to have a democratic government. The liberal retreat of a federal imperial supremacy during the nationalist insurgency prejudiced the evolution of a quasi-political organization led by the corporate intellects.
Works Cited
Dirlik, Arif, and Roxann Prazniak. “The 1911 Revolution: An End and a Beginning.” China Information 25.3 (2011): 213-231. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239770940_The_1911_Revolution_An_End_and_a_Beginning
Ma, Debin. “The Rise of a Financial Revolution in Republican China in 1900-1937: An Institutional Narrative.” (2016). Retrieved from: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/65371/
Wang, Dong. “China and the World, 1900-1949 – Chinese Studies – Oxford Bibliographies – Obo”. Oxfordbibliographies.org, 2018, http://www.oxfordbibliographies.org/view/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0048.xml#firstMatch. Accessed 15 June 2018.
Yang, Kuisong. “Revolutions in China: Historical Origins and Contemporary Relevance.” Journal of Modern Chinese History 7.2 (2013): 258-261. Retrieved from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17535654.2013.850868