Geology Paper on Ocean Water Movements: Ocean currents
One of the most interesting andequally intriguing phenomena of the oceans is their movements, especially the ocean currents. Ocean currents refer to the consistent and somewhat directed motion of ocean water due to the influence of forces like the wind, breaking waves, temperature, and Coriolis effect among others. Ocean currents are usually divided into two types, the surface currents (surface circulation) and the deep water currents (thermohaline circulation). Notably, ocean currents, especially the surface currents, construct the global conveyor belt which is a big influence on the climate of the globe. This paper will focus on surface currents.
Surface ocean currents are the most predominantly known currents compared to the deep water currents. Surface currents are mainly caused by the combination of several primary forces which include solar heating (increase water expansion), winds (increase friction between water and wind pulling the water), gravity (pull water against the pressure gradient) and Coriolis Force (creates the Gyres). Understanding the concept of surface currents is vital to many disciplines. In addition to understanding the climate, surface ocean currents were and are still vital for sea travel. Also, they are vital for the continuity of many life forms including the European Eel whose life cycle is controlled anddependent on the currents. They also vital in the study of marine features and organisms.
Personal experience with ocean currents is exhilarating and informative. My experience with ocean currents came during a cruise in a sail ship during the summer vacations. It was highly notable how the currents affected the movement of the ship since at one particular point we were moving against the currents. It created a challenge for the captain and we had to resort to utilizing the engine to ensure the boat maintained its speed.